Odes 4.5

Augustus returns

by Horace

Augustus has been away from Rome on campaign in Gaul: now he is expected back and Horace’s adulation, in his official laureate mode, is unrestrained. Some commentators understandably find the praise a bit much, but the picture in the closing stanzas of a countryside happy and at peace has a good deal of charm. The romans trained their vines on trees rather than artificial frames as now, hence Horace’s image of a “marriage” between the two. The significance of the “second course” of the countryman’s meal is that this was the point at which libations were poured before the drinking began.

Metre: Asclepiad, three standard twelve-syllable lines followed by an eight-syllable glyconic.

See the illustrated blog post here.

Reading coming soon.

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Divis orte bonis, optume Romulae
custos gentis, abes iam nimium diu;
maturum reditum pollicitus patrum
sancto concilio redi.

lucem redde tuae, dux bone, patriae:
instar veris enim voltus ubi tuus
adfulsit populo, gratior it dies
et soles melius nitent.

ut mater iuvenem, quem Notus invido
flatu Carpathii trans maris aequora
cunctantem spatio longius annuo
dulci distinet a domo,

votis ominibusque et precibus vocat
curvo nec faciem litore dimovet:
sic desideriis icta fidelibus
quaerit patria Caesarem.

tutus bos etenim rura perambulat,
nutrit rura Ceres almaque Faustitas,
pacatum volitant per mare navitae;
culpari metuit fides,

nullis polluitur casta domus stupris,
mos et lex maculosum edomuit nefas,
laudantur simili prole puerperae,
culpam poena premit comes.

quis Parthum paveat, quis gelidum Scythen,
quis Germania quos horrida parturit
fetus incolumi Caesare? quis ferae
bellum curet Hiberiae?

condit quisque diem collibus in suis
et vitem viduas ducit ad arbores;
hinc ad vina redit laetus et alteris
te mensis adhibet deum;

te multa prece, te prosequitur mero
defuso pateris et Laribus tuum
miscet numen, uti Graecia Castoris
et magni memor Herculis.

“longas o utinam, dux bone, ferias
praestes Hesperiae!” dicimus integro
sicci mane die, dicimus uvidi,
cum sol Oceano subest.

Sprung from the good Gods, finest guardian of the race of Romulus, now you have been away from us too long and promised a timely return: come back to the sacred council of the Senate fathers. Good leader, give your homeland back its light, for when your countenance, the image of the spring, has shone upon the people the day passes more sweetly and suns shine the better. Like a mother with a son whom the south wind with its spiteful breath keeps delayed far from his sweet home over the waters of the Carpathian sea for longer than a year, who calls for him with vows, auguries and prayers and does not turn her face away from the curve of the shore, just so, smitten with loyal longings, does your homeland look for her Caesar. For the ox wanders in safety over the fields, Ceres, Queen of the corn, and kindly Auspicious powers nourish them, mariners skim over the pacified seas, loyalty recoils from incurring blame, the chastity of the home is unsullied by any deeds of shame, principle and law have overcome polluting wickedness, the likeness of newborns to their begetters is cause for celebration, guilt is repressed by its companion, retribution. Who could fear the Parthian, who the frosty Scythian, who the spawn to which shaggy Germany gives birth, if Caesar is safe? Who could worry about war with savage Spain? Each man invests his day in his own slopes and trains his vines upon the unwed trees, from there he returns, happy, to drink his wine, and calls on your presence as a god when his meal reaches its second course; he turns to you with much prayer and wine poured from libation cups, and invokes your power along with his household Gods, as Greece does when it remembers Castor and Hercules. O long, good leader, may the celebrations be that you bring to Italy, so say we when sober and the whole day lies before us, so we say when at our wine while the sun lies under the Ocean.

`

More Poems by Horace

  1. Stormy seas
  2. Fortuna
  3. The consolations of wine
  4. The victories of Drusus and Tiberius
  5. Pyrrha
  6. Be your age, Chloris!
  7. Nereus prophesies the Trojan War
  8. Poscimur
  9. An oath to Maecenas
  10. Curse you, tree!
  11. A prayer to Mercury
  12. Late stirrings
  13. Courage and decadence: the Regulus ode
  14. Augustus, master of the world
  15. An invocation to the lyre
  16. Horace the peacemaker
  17. The country is best
  18. The final ode
  19. Celebrating Neptune’s feast day
  20. Postumus, the years slip by
  21. What Roman youth should be
  22. Lovely mother, lovelier daughter
  23. A Farewell to arms
  24. Awe for the Gods
  25. Gyges’s constancy
  26. Iccius goes soldiering
  27. Numida’s back
  28. Pindar and Augustus
  29. Horace’s monument
  30. Horace rests from his labours
  31. Horace’s wine
  32. A country sacrifice
  33. Horace’s first Ode
  34. Locked out
  35. Relief from care
  36. Tibur or Tarentum: a poet’s dilemma?
  37. Neobule
  38. A prayer to Faunus
  39. A call for a moral renaissance
  40. The pleasures and dangers of wine
  41. Horace’s prayer to a wine-jar
  42. Horace’s Chloe
  43. Don’t trust Barine
  44. Pollio’s histories of civil war
  45. Leave the cares of state, Maecenas
  46. Horace the swan
  47. New temples, new morals
  48. Mourning for a good man
  49. Some advice for Dellius
  50. Gathering rosebuds: carpe diem
  51. Lydia’s tragedy
  52. Horace’s reverence to Bacchus
  53. Horace, accepted bard of Rome
  54. A dedication to Diana
  55. Jealousy
  56. Europa’s lament
  57. Roman values for the new age
  58. A garland from the Muses
  59. The tug-of-war for Nearchus
  60. Romulus in Heaven
  61. A prayer to Venus
  62. Jupiter’s authority, and Caesar’s
  63. Diffugere nives
  64. Last love
  65. A day off for rain
  66. Licymnia
  67. Horace’s limitations
  68. A change of mind
  69. Unrequited love
  70. Give me comfort, not riches
  71. Valgius and Mystes
  72. Horace returns to lyric poetry
  73. A plea for burial
  74. Glycera
  75. The lust for money versus the simple life
  76. Romulus becomes a God
  77. Soracte
  78. Love lost and found
  79. A divine inspiration
  80. Horace welcomes his army comrade
  81. Here’s to Murena!
  82. Diana and Apollo: a hymn
  83. Carpe diem, Sestius
  84. An invitation to Maecenas
  85. Luxury versus the simple life
  86. Horace’s Cleopatra ode
  87. Caesar’s safe return
  88. Don’t worry, be happy
  89. O Fons Bandusiae
  90. The fleeting years slip by
  91. Wealth should be used, not hoarded
  92. A Prayer to the poetry-God
  93. Love a slave-girl? Oh, Xanthias!
  94. Rome: disaster and salvation
  95. The Golden Mean
  96. Lalage is too young
  97. Housman and Horace
  98. Horace, the wolf and the upright life

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