Georgics Book 3, lines 6 - 22 and 40 - 48

Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar

by Virgil

At the heart of the Georgics, Virgil begins his third Book by laying his farming theme aside for a time to look forward to greater things. Conventional mythological themes from Greece, he says, have become trite, and he sets out his ambition to transcend them with something new and distinctively Roman. In a passage rich in allusions, not only to mythology and Greek locations, but also to the military achievements of Julius Caesar’s nephew Octavian, the future Emperor Augustus, he imagines a future work that he will write on this new and loftier theme. He uses the analogy of the building of a new temple: Octavian will be the resident deity, but in the ceremonial games that will celebrate the temple’s foundation, Virgil imagines he too will stand alongside the great man in a victor’s trappings, having transferred all the poetical resources of the Greek world into a new Latin creation which will extend Octavian’s fame (and Virgil’s) as far into the future as the time that has elapsed since the beginnings of mankind and heroes. In its details the conception is not yet the great historical epic which Virgil will write – Caesar himself, not yet his legendary forebear, Aeneas, is the focus – but it is clear, as Virgil summons up renewed enthusiasm to return to the rural theme that he now needs to complete, that the road to the Aeneid has begun here in this passage of the Georgics.

See the illustrated blog post here.

You can follow all of our extracts from the Georgics in order in the selection here.

To listen, press play:

To scroll the original and English translation of the poem at the same time - tap inside one box to select it and then scroll.

Cui non dictus Hylas puer et Latonia Delos
Hippodameque umeroque Pelops insignis eburno,
acer equis? temptanda via est, qua me quoque possim
tollere humo victorque virum volitare per ora.
primus ego in patriam mecum, modo vita supersit,
Aonio rediens deducam vertice Musas;
primus Idumaeas referam tibi, Mantua, palmas,
et viridi in campo templum de marmore ponam
propter aquam, tardis ingens ubi flexibus errat
Mincius et tenera praetexit harundine ripas.
in medio mihi Caesar erit templumque tenebit:
illi victor ego et Tyrio conspectus in ostro
centum quadriiugos agitabo ad flumina currus.
cuncta mihi Alpheum linquens lucosque Molorchi
cursibus et crudo decernet Graecia caestu.
ipse caput tonsae foliis ornatus olivae
dona feram.

interea Dryadum silvas saltusque sequamur
intactos, tua, Maecenas, haud mollia iussa:
te sine nil altum mens incohat. en age segnis
rumpe moras; vocat ingenti clamore Cithaeron
Taygetique canes domitrixque Epidaurus equorum,
et vox adsensu nemorum ingeminata remugit.
mox tamen ardentis accingar dicere pugnas
Caesaris et nomen fama tot ferre per annos,
Tithoni prima quot abest ab origine Caesar.

Who has not been told of the boy Hylas and Latona’s Delos, Hippodame and Pelops, fierce driver of horses, famous for his ivory shoulder? I shall attempt a way by which I too may be able to raise myself from the earth and fly, a victor, through the mouths of men. I will be the first, if life remains to me, to lead the Muses down from their Grecian peak to my own homeland; I shall be the first, Mantua, to bring home to you the palms of Idumaea, and in the green fields by the waters I will found a marble temple, where the mighty river Mincio wanders in lazy curves and fringes his banks with supple reeds. In the middle I shall have Caesar, and he shall possess the temple. I myself shall be by him in a victor’s garb, conspicuous in purple, and drive one hundred four-horse chariots to the river. Leaving Olympia and the groves of Nemea, the whole of Greece shall compete in the races and with the brutal boxing glove. And I, my head wreathed with a trimmed olive crown, shall award the prizes.

But meanwhile let us go on with the tree-nymphs’ woods and the virgin glades, following your orders, Maecenas, hard though they are: without you, my mind can attempt nothing sublime. Come, let’s break free from dull delay: Mount Cithaeron is calling us with a mighty shout, and the Spartan hounds of Taygetus, and Epidaurus the tamer of horses, and the echo rings back, redoubled by the applause of the woodland. But the time will now soon come when I shall gird myself to tell of Caesar’s battles, and carry his name forward on the wings of fame for as many years as lie between the distant origin of old Tithonus and Caesar himself.

`

More Poems by Virgil

  1. The natural history of bees
  2. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  3. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  4. Signs of bad weather
  5. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus
  6. Charon, the ferryman
  7. The death of Pallas
  8. What is this wooden horse?
  9. In King Latinus’s hall
  10. Mercury’s journey to Carthage
  11. The Trojans reach Carthage
  12. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  13. The Aeneid begins
  14. Juno is reconciled
  15. The battle for Priam’s palace
  16. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  17. Laocoon and the snakes
  18. The death of Priam
  19. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  20. The boxers
  21. Aeneas prepares for a hopeless fight
  22. Juno throws open the gates of war
  23. Aeneas joins the fray
  24. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  25. Dido’s release
  26. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  27. The death of Dido
  28. Catastrophe for Rome?
  29. Storm at sea!
  30. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  31. Dido falls in love
  32. The farmer’s happy lot
  33. The farmer’s starry calendar
  34. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  35. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  36. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  37. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  38. Aeneas is wounded
  39. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  40. Turnus the wolf
  41. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  42. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  43. The infant Camilla
  44. Aristaeus’s bees
  45. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  46. The Trojan horse opens
  47. Helen in the darkness
  48. Jupiter’s prophecy
  49. Turnus at bay
  50. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  51. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  52. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  53. Virgil begins the Georgics
  54. The Syrian hostess
  55. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  56. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  57. Turnus is lured away from battle
  58. The portals of sleep
  59. New allies for Aeneas
  60. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  61. Rumour
  62. Aeneas and Dido meet
  63. Juno’s anger
  64. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  65. King Mezentius meets his match
  66. Into battle
  67. Dido’s story
  68. The death of Priam
  69. Rites for the allies’ dead
  70. Sea-nymphs
  71. Mourning for Pallas
  72. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  73. The Harpy’s prophecy
  74. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  75. Cassandra is taken
  76. Love is the same for all
  77. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  78. The journey to Hades begins
  79. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  80. Aeneas’s oath
  81. Venus speaks
  82. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  83. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  84. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  85. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  86. Vulcan’s forge
Privacy Overview

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.