Georgics Book 4, lines 531 - 558

Aristaeus’s bees

by Virgil

In an extended excursion into myth, Virgil continues with the theme of bees in the second half of his fourth Book of the Georgics. Aristaeus, son of Cyrene, a water-deity, has lost his bees to hunger and disease. His mother tells him how he can find out the reason by subduing Peleus, a supernatural being endowed with shape-shifting powers and the gift of prophecy. Aristaeus learns that he is being punished for causing the deaths of Eurydice, bitten by a snake as Aristaeus pursued her, and indirectly of her husband Orpheus, who has died, grief-stricken, after the failure of his attempt to rescue her from the underworld using his miraculous musical gifts. As this extract starts, Cyrene is telling her son how to atone for his guilt.

After the end of Aristaeus’s story, Virgil ends the Georgics with a brief coda praising the future Augustus’s latest military victories and bidding farewell to his own engagement with pastoral poetry. When we next read him, he will have turned to military glory and the foundation myth of Rome and the Caesars in his Aeneid.

See the illustrated blog post here. You can follow all of our extracts from the Georgics in order in the selection here.

To listen, press play:

To scroll the original and English translation of the poem at the same time - tap inside one box to select it and then scroll.

“Nate, licet tristes animo deponere curas.
haec omnis morbi causa; hinc miserabile Nymphae,
cum quibus illa choros lucis agitabat in altis,
exitium misere apibus. tu munera supplex
tende petens pacem et faciles venerare Napaeas;
namque dabunt veniam votis irasque remittent.
sed modus orandi qui sit, prius ordine dicam.
quattuor eximios praestanti corpore tauros,
qui tibi nunc viridis depascunt summa Lycaei,
delige et intacta totidem cervice iuvencas.
quattuor his aras alta ad delubra dearum
constitue et sacrum iugulis demitte cruorem,
corporaque ipsa boum frondoso desere luco.
post, ubi nona suos Aurora ostenderit ortus,
inferias Orphei Lethaea papavera mittes
et nigram mactabis ovem lucumque revises:
placatam Eurydicen vitula venerabere caesa.”
haud mora; continuo matris praecepta facessit;
ad delubra venit, monstratas excitat aras,
quattuor eximios praestanti corpore tauros
ducit et intacta totidem cervice iuvencas.
post, ubi nona suos Aurora induxerat ortus,
inferias Orphei mittit lucumque revisit.
hic vero subitum ac dictu mirabile monstrum
adspiciunt, liquefacta boum per viscera toto
stridere apes utero et ruptis effervere costis,
immensasque trahi nubes, iamque arbore summa
confluere et lentis uvam demittere ramis.

“My son, dismiss the sadness and sorrow from your mind. This is the sole cause of the sickness, for this the Nymphs, whom Eurydice used to dance with in the mountain groves, have inflicted a terrible destruction on your bees. Go, a suppliant, bring peace-offerings and venerate the gentle wood-nymphs; for they will respond with forgiveness and lay aside their anger. But I will tell first how you should make your prayer. Choose four outstanding prize bulls from your herd now grazing the green tops of Mount Lycaeus, and as many heifers whose neck was never yoked. Set up four altars for them at the mountain shrine of the goddesses, let down the sacred blood from their throats, and leave the bodies of the cattle in the leafy grove. Afterwards, when the ninth dawn has displayed her rising, lay out drowsy poppy as a funeral offering to Orpheus, sacrifice a black sheep and return to the grove. Eurydice will be appeased: sacrifice a she-calf in her honour.” Without delay, he follows at once his mother’s instructions, raises up the altars she prescribed, brings four outstanding prize bulls and as many heifers whose neck has never been yoked. Afterwards, when the ninth dawn had brought in her rising, he makes funeral offerings to Orpheus and returns to the grove. There they see a sudden and truly marvelous prodigy, bees buzzing all through the liquefied flesh and the entrails of the cattle and bubbling out from the burst rib-cages, borne along in huge clouds until they flow together on tree-tops, hanging down their swarms from the bending branches.

`

More Poems by Virgil

  1. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  2. Storm at sea!
  3. The portals of sleep
  4. Vulcan’s forge
  5. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  6. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  7. The death of Priam
  8. The boxers
  9. Cassandra is taken
  10. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus
  11. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  12. Signs of bad weather
  13. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  14. The death of Priam
  15. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  16. Juno’s anger
  17. Dido’s story
  18. Rumour
  19. The battle for Priam’s palace
  20. Dido falls in love
  21. Mourning for Pallas
  22. Love is the same for all
  23. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  24. Turnus is lured away from battle
  25. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  26. Juno is reconciled
  27. Juno throws open the gates of war
  28. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  29. Sea-nymphs
  30. In King Latinus’s hall
  31. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  32. Into battle
  33. Aeneas joins the fray
  34. Aeneas is wounded
  35. The Trojans reach Carthage
  36. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  37. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  38. The farmer’s happy lot
  39. Mercury’s journey to Carthage
  40. Aeneas and Dido meet
  41. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  42. Venus speaks
  43. Helen in the darkness
  44. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  45. Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar
  46. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  47. Virgil begins the Georgics
  48. Laocoon and the snakes
  49. Catastrophe for Rome?
  50. The Trojan horse opens
  51. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  52. Jupiter’s prophecy
  53. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  54. Aeneas prepares for a hopeless fight
  55. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  56. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  57. The Syrian hostess
  58. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  59. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  60. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  61. New allies for Aeneas
  62. The Aeneid begins
  63. The infant Camilla
  64. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  65. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  66. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  67. The farmer’s starry calendar
  68. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  69. The death of Dido
  70. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  71. The Harpy’s prophecy
  72. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  73. What is this wooden horse?
  74. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  75. King Mezentius meets his match
  76. Turnus at bay
  77. Charon, the ferryman
  78. The journey to Hades begins
  79. Dido’s release
  80. The natural history of bees
  81. Turnus the wolf
  82. The death of Pallas
  83. Rites for the allies’ dead
  84. Aeneas’s oath
  85. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  86. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
Privacy Overview

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.