Aeneid Book 4, lines 238 - 258

Mercury’s journey to Carthage

by Virgil

Here is Mercury on his way to Carthage with a stern message for Aeneas from the Gods. Virgil combines a description of Mercury which is quite closely based on Homer with ideas of his own personifying Mount Atlas as a huge, craggy old man.

Mercury’s function as a psychopomp – a guide of the the souls of the dead – features in Homer’s Odyssey, where he brings the souls of Penelope’s suitors to the underworld when Odysseus has killed them. “Opening eyes in death” is a reference to the Roman custom of opening the eyes of the dead on the funeral pyre.

Mercury’s mother, Maia, was the daughter of Atlas. Mercury is called “the Cyllenian” after Mount Cyllene in Arcadia, where, according to tradition, he was born.

See the illustrated blog post here.

To follow the story of Aeneas in sequence, use this link to the full Pantheon Poets selection of extracts from the Aeneid. See the next episode here.

To listen press play:

To scroll the original and English translation of the poem at the same time - tap inside one box to select it and then scroll.

Dixerat. ille patris magni parere parabat
imperio; et primum pedibus talaria nectit
aurea, quae sublimem alis sive aequora supra
seu terram rapido pariter cum flamine portant.
tum virgam capit: hac animas ille evocat Orco
pallentis, alias sub Tartara tristia mittit,
dat somnos adimitque, et lumina morte resignat.
illa fretus agit ventos et turbida tranat
nubila. iamque volans apicem et latera ardua cernit
Atlantis duri caelum qui vertice fulcit,
Atlantis, cinctum adsidue cui nubibus atris
piniferum caput et vento pulsatur et imbri,
nix umeros infusa tegit, tum flumina mento
praecipitant senis, et glacie riget horrida barba.
hic primum paribus nitens Cyllenius alis
constitit; hinc toto praeceps se corpore ad undas
misit avi similis, quae circum litora, circum
piscosos scopulos humilis volat aequora iuxta.
haud aliter terras inter caelumque volabat
litus harenosum ad Libyae, ventosque secabat
materno veniens ab avo Cyllenia proles.

The Great Father had spoken. Mercury prepared
to obey his order, and first laced the golden
sandals on his feet which bear him aloft on
their wings as fast as the wind over sea and land.
Next he took his wand, with which he summons
pale ghosts from Orcus, sends others under sad
Tartarus, gives and takes sleep and opens eyes
in death. With it he drives the winds and swims
over the wild clouds. In flight he sees the peak
and steep sides of rough Atlas, whose crown supports
the heavens, Atlas whose pine-clad head is forever
girt with black clouds and lashed by gale and storm,
snowfall clothes his shoulders, torrents crash down
from the ancient’s chin, his bristling beard is stiff
with ice. Here the Cyllenian, hovering on both wings,
first paused, then stooped headlong close to the waves in
the shape of a bird which flies low, skimming the surface,
around the shore and the fishes’ rocky home.
Just so Cyllene’s child cut the winds as he came,
flying between earth and sky to Libya’s sandy shore
from his maternal grandsire.

`

More Poems by Virgil

  1. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  2. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  3. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  4. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  5. Rites for the allies’ dead
  6. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  7. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  8. The Harpy’s prophecy
  9. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  10. Turnus the wolf
  11. The journey to Hades begins
  12. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  13. Catastrophe for Rome?
  14. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  15. Signs of bad weather
  16. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  17. New allies for Aeneas
  18. The Aeneid begins
  19. Storm at sea!
  20. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  21. Vulcan’s forge
  22. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  23. The natural history of bees
  24. Love is the same for all
  25. Jupiter’s prophecy
  26. The farmer’s happy lot
  27. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  28. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  29. The death of Dido.
  30. The Syrian hostess
  31. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  32. Aeneas is wounded
  33. Dido falls in love
  34. The infant Camilla
  35. Turnus at bay
  36. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  37. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  38. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  39. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  40. Sea-nymphs
  41. The death of Priam
  42. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  43. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  44. King Mezentius meets his match
  45. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  46. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  47. Rumour
  48. Turnus is lured away from battle
  49. In King Latinus’s hall
  50. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  51. Aeneas’s oath
  52. Aeneas joins the fray
  53. Aristaeus’s bees
  54. Juno is reconciled
  55. The farmer’s starry calendar
  56. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  57. Mourning for Pallas
  58. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  59. Charon, the ferryman
  60. The death of Pallas
  61. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  62. The Trojans reach Carthage
  63. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus
  64. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  65. The portals of sleep
  66. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  67. Dido’s release
  68. Juno throws open the gates of war
  69. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  70. Laocoon and the snakes
  71. Virgil begins the Georgics
  72. Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar
  73. Virgil’s perils on the sea