Aeneid Book 4, lines 238 - 258

Mercury’s journey to Carthage

by Virgil

Here is Mercury on his way to Carthage with a stern message for Aeneas from the Gods. Virgil combines a description of Mercury which is quite closely based on Homer with ideas of his own personifying Mount Atlas as a huge, craggy old man.

Mercury’s function as a psychopomp – a guide of the the souls of the dead – features in Homer’s Odyssey, where he brings the souls of Penelope’s suitors to the underworld when Odysseus has killed them. “Opening eyes in death” is a reference to the Roman custom of opening the eyes of the dead on the funeral pyre.

Mercury’s mother, Maia, was the daughter of Atlas. Mercury is called “the Cyllenian” after Mount Cyllene in Arcadia, where, according to tradition, he was born.

See the illustrated blog post here.

To follow the story of Aeneas in sequence, use this link to the full Pantheon Poets selection of extracts from the Aeneid. See the next episode here.

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Dixerat. ille patris magni parere parabat
imperio; et primum pedibus talaria nectit
aurea, quae sublimem alis sive aequora supra
seu terram rapido pariter cum flamine portant.
tum virgam capit: hac animas ille evocat Orco
pallentis, alias sub Tartara tristia mittit,
dat somnos adimitque, et lumina morte resignat.
illa fretus agit ventos et turbida tranat
nubila. iamque volans apicem et latera ardua cernit
Atlantis duri caelum qui vertice fulcit,
Atlantis, cinctum adsidue cui nubibus atris
piniferum caput et vento pulsatur et imbri,
nix umeros infusa tegit, tum flumina mento
praecipitant senis, et glacie riget horrida barba.
hic primum paribus nitens Cyllenius alis
constitit; hinc toto praeceps se corpore ad undas
misit avi similis, quae circum litora, circum
piscosos scopulos humilis volat aequora iuxta.
haud aliter terras inter caelumque volabat
litus harenosum ad Libyae, ventosque secabat
materno veniens ab avo Cyllenia proles.

The Great Father had spoken. Mercury prepared
to obey his order, and first laced the golden
sandals on his feet which bear him aloft on
their wings as fast as the wind over sea and land.
Next he took his wand, with which he summons
pale ghosts from Orcus, sends others under sad
Tartarus, gives and takes sleep and opens eyes
in death. With it he drives the winds and swims
over the wild clouds. In flight he sees the peak
and steep sides of rough Atlas, whose crown supports
the heavens, Atlas whose pine-clad head is forever
girt with black clouds and lashed by gale and storm,
snowfall clothes his shoulders, torrents crash down
from the ancient’s chin, his bristling beard is stiff
with ice. Here the Cyllenian, hovering on both wings,
first paused, then stooped headlong close to the waves in
the shape of a bird which flies low, skimming the surface,
around the shore and the fishes’ rocky home.
Just so Cyllene’s child cut the winds as he came,
flying between earth and sky to Libya’s sandy shore
from his maternal grandsire.

`

More Poems by Virgil

  1. The Trojan horse opens
  2. Aeneas prepares for a hopeless fight
  3. What is this wooden horse?
  4. Aeneas and Dido meet
  5. Into battle
  6. In King Latinus’s hall
  7. Rites for the allies’ dead
  8. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  9. Cassandra is taken
  10. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  11. Juno throws open the gates of war
  12. Dido falls in love
  13. The journey to Hades begins
  14. New allies for Aeneas
  15. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  16. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  17. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  18. The Syrian hostess
  19. The battle for Priam’s palace
  20. Laocoon and the snakes
  21. Vulcan’s forge
  22. The Harpy’s prophecy
  23. Mourning for Pallas
  24. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  25. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  26. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  27. Turnus the wolf
  28. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  29. The infant Camilla
  30. The Trojans reach Carthage
  31. Virgil begins the Georgics
  32. Turnus is lured away from battle
  33. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  34. Dido’s story
  35. The natural history of bees
  36. Love is the same for all
  37. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  38. Storm at sea!
  39. Charon, the ferryman
  40. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  41. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  42. Jupiter’s prophecy
  43. Signs of bad weather
  44. Aeneas is wounded
  45. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  46. Helen in the darkness
  47. Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar
  48. Aeneas joins the fray
  49. King Mezentius meets his match
  50. Aeneas’s oath
  51. The farmer’s starry calendar
  52. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  53. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  54. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  55. The death of Dido
  56. Turnus at bay
  57. Catastrophe for Rome?
  58. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  59. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  60. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  61. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus
  62. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  63. Aristaeus’s bees
  64. The death of Priam
  65. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  66. Rumour
  67. Juno is reconciled
  68. The death of Pallas
  69. The Aeneid begins
  70. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  71. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  72. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  73. The farmer’s happy lot
  74. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  75. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  76. The death of Priam
  77. The boxers
  78. Venus speaks
  79. Sea-nymphs
  80. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  81. Juno’s anger
  82. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  83. Dido’s release
  84. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  85. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  86. The portals of sleep
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