Aeneid Book 4, lines 238 - 258

Mercury’s journey to Carthage

by Virgil

Here is Mercury on his way to Carthage with a stern message for Aeneas from the Gods. Virgil combines a description of Mercury which is quite closely based on Homer with ideas of his own personifying Mount Atlas as a huge, craggy old man.

Mercury’s function as a psychopomp – a guide of the the souls of the dead – features in Homer’s Odyssey, where he brings the souls of Penelope’s suitors to the underworld when Odysseus has killed them. “Opening eyes in death” is a reference to the Roman custom of opening the eyes of the dead on the funeral pyre.

Mercury’s mother, Maia, was the daughter of Atlas. Mercury is called “the Cyllenian” after Mount Cyllene in Arcadia, where, according to tradition, he was born.

See the illustrated blog post here.

To follow the story of Aeneas in sequence, use this link to the full Pantheon Poets selection of extracts from the Aeneid. See the next episode here.

To listen press play:

To scroll the original and English translation of the poem at the same time - tap inside one box to select it and then scroll.

Dixerat. ille patris magni parere parabat
imperio; et primum pedibus talaria nectit
aurea, quae sublimem alis sive aequora supra
seu terram rapido pariter cum flamine portant.
tum virgam capit: hac animas ille evocat Orco
pallentis, alias sub Tartara tristia mittit,
dat somnos adimitque, et lumina morte resignat.
illa fretus agit ventos et turbida tranat
nubila. iamque volans apicem et latera ardua cernit
Atlantis duri caelum qui vertice fulcit,
Atlantis, cinctum adsidue cui nubibus atris
piniferum caput et vento pulsatur et imbri,
nix umeros infusa tegit, tum flumina mento
praecipitant senis, et glacie riget horrida barba.
hic primum paribus nitens Cyllenius alis
constitit; hinc toto praeceps se corpore ad undas
misit avi similis, quae circum litora, circum
piscosos scopulos humilis volat aequora iuxta.
haud aliter terras inter caelumque volabat
litus harenosum ad Libyae, ventosque secabat
materno veniens ab avo Cyllenia proles.

The Great Father had spoken. Mercury prepared
to obey his order, and first laced the golden
sandals on his feet which bear him aloft on
their wings as fast as the wind over sea and land.
Next he took his wand, with which he summons
pale ghosts from Orcus, sends others under sad
Tartarus, gives and takes sleep and opens eyes
in death. With it he drives the winds and swims
over the wild clouds. In flight he sees the peak
and steep sides of rough Atlas, whose crown supports
the heavens, Atlas whose pine-clad head is forever
girt with black clouds and lashed by gale and storm,
snowfall clothes his shoulders, torrents crash down
from the ancient’s chin, his bristling beard is stiff
with ice. Here the Cyllenian, hovering on both wings,
first paused, then stooped headlong close to the waves in
the shape of a bird which flies low, skimming the surface,
around the shore and the fishes’ rocky home.
Just so Cyllene’s child cut the winds as he came,
flying between earth and sky to Libya’s sandy shore
from his maternal grandsire.

`

More Poems by Virgil

  1. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  2. Turnus the wolf
  3. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  4. The death of Priam
  5. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  6. The infant Camilla
  7. The death of Dido
  8. The boxers
  9. Charon, the ferryman
  10. Venus speaks
  11. Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar
  12. Storm at sea!
  13. The natural history of bees
  14. Rites for the allies’ dead
  15. Sea-nymphs
  16. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  17. The Harpy’s prophecy
  18. Aeneas is wounded
  19. Turnus is lured away from battle
  20. The journey to Hades begins
  21. Jupiter’s prophecy
  22. Aeneas joins the fray
  23. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  24. Mourning for Pallas
  25. The farmer’s happy lot
  26. In King Latinus’s hall
  27. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  28. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  29. Vulcan’s forge
  30. The Trojans reach Carthage
  31. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  32. The Trojan horse opens
  33. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  34. Love is the same for all
  35. Catastrophe for Rome?
  36. King Mezentius meets his match
  37. Aeneas prepares for a hopeless fight
  38. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  39. The portals of sleep
  40. The farmer’s starry calendar
  41. Juno is reconciled
  42. Cassandra is taken
  43. What is this wooden horse?
  44. The battle for Priam’s palace
  45. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  46. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  47. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  48. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  49. Signs of bad weather
  50. Virgil begins the Georgics
  51. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  52. The death of Pallas
  53. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  54. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  55. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  56. Laocoon and the snakes
  57. Rumour
  58. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  59. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  60. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  61. Juno’s anger
  62. Aristaeus’s bees
  63. Juno throws open the gates of war
  64. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  65. The death of Priam
  66. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  67. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  68. Dido’s release
  69. Dido’s story
  70. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  71. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  72. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  73. Helen in the darkness
  74. Dido falls in love
  75. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  76. Aeneas’s oath
  77. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  78. The Syrian hostess
  79. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  80. Turnus at bay
  81. Into battle
  82. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  83. New allies for Aeneas
  84. The Aeneid begins
  85. Aeneas and Dido meet
  86. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus