Aeneid Book 11, lines 24 - 58

Mourning for Pallas

by Virgil

As Book 11 begins, there has been a shift in the balance of fortunes for the Trojans and the Italians in their war against one another. Until now, the battle has been fought outside, and even inside, the beleaguered camp of the Trojans, while now Aeneas is able to advance on King Latinus’s stronghold. But first the dead must be honoured and buried, and Pallas, the fallen son of Aeneas’s ally, King Evander, must be brought home to his father.

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The English is from the translation by the 17th century poet, John Dryden.

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“Ite,’ ait ‘egregias animas, quae sanguine nobis
hanc patriam peperere suo, decorate supremis
muneribus, maestamque Evandri primus ad urbem
mittatur Pallas, quem non virtutis egentem
abstulit atra dies et funere mersit acerbo.’
Sic ait inlacrimans, recipitque ad limina gressum
corpus ubi exanimi positum Pallantis Acoetes
servabat senior, qui Parrhasio Evandro
armiger ante fuit, sed non felicibus aeque
tum comes auspiciis caro datus ibat alumno.
circum omnis famulumque manus Troianaque turba
et maestum Iliades crinem de more solutae.
ut vero Aeneas foribus sese intulit altis
ingentem gemitum tunsis ad sidera tollunt
pectoribus, maestoque immugit regia luctu.
ipse caput nivei fultum Pallantis et ora
ut vidit levique patens in pectore vulnus
cuspidis Ausoniae, lacrimis ita fatur obortis:
‘tene,’ inquit ‘miserande puer, cum laeta veniret,
invidit Fortuna mihi, ne regna videres
nostra neque ad sedes victor veherere paternas?
non haec Evandro de te promissa parenti
discedens dederam, cum me complexus euntem
mitteret in magnum imperium metuensque moneret
acris esse viros, cum dura proelia gente.
et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani
fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis,
nos iuvenem exanimum et nil iam caelestibus ullis
debentem vano maesti comitamur honore.
infelix, nati funus crudele videbis!
hi nostri reditus exspectatique triumphi?
haec mea magna fides? at non, Evandre, pudendis
vulneribus pulsum aspicies, nec sospite dirum
optabis nato funus pater. ei mihi quantum
praesidium, Ausonia, et quantum tu perdis, Iule!’

“That conquer’d earth be theirs, for which they fought,
And which for us with their own blood they bought;
But first the corpse of our unhappy friend
To the sad city of Evander send,
Who, not inglorious, in his age’s bloom,
Was hurried hence by too severe a doom.”
Thus, weeping while he spoke, he took his way,
Where, new in death, lamented Pallas lay.
Acoetes watch’d the corpse; whose youth deserv’d
The father’s trust; and now the son he serv’d
With equal faith, but less auspicious care.
Th’ attendants of the slain his sorrow share.
A troop of Trojans mix’d with these appear,
And mourning matrons with dishevel’d hair.
Soon as the prince appears, they raise a cry;
All beat their breasts, and echoes rend the sky.
They rear his drooping forehead from the ground;
But, when Aeneas view’d the grisly wound
Which Pallas in his manly bosom bore,
And the fair flesh distain’d with purple gore;
First, melting into tears, the pious man
Deplor’d so sad a sight, then thus began:
“Unhappy youth! when Fortune gave the rest
Of my full wishes, she refus’d the best!
She came; but brought not thee along, to bless
My longing eyes, and share in my success:
She grudg’d thy safe return, the triumphs due
To prosp’rous valor, in the public view.
Not thus I promis’d, when thy father lent
Thy needless succor with a sad consent;
Embrac’d me, parting for th’ Etrurian land,
And sent me to possess a large command.
He warn’d, and from his own experience told,
Our foes were warlike, disciplin’d, and bold.
And now perhaps, in hopes of thy return,
Rich odors on his loaded altars burn,
While we, with vain officious pomp, prepare
To send him back his portion of the war,
A bloody breathless body, which can owe
No farther debt, but to the pow’rs below.
The wretched father, ere his race is run,
Shall view the fun’ral honors of his son.
These are my triumphs of the Latian war,
Fruits of my plighted faith and boasted care!
And yet, unhappy sire, thou shalt not see
A son whose death disgrac’d his ancestry;
Thou shalt not blush, old man, however griev’d:
Thy Pallas no dishonest wound receiv’d.
He died no death to make thee wish, too late,
Thou hadst not liv’d to see his shameful fate:
But what a champion has th’ Ausonian coast,
And what a friend hast thou, Ascanius, lost!”

`

More Poems by Virgil

  1. Cassandra is taken
  2. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  3. Dido’s story
  4. Virgil begins the Georgics
  5. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  6. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  7. The natural history of bees
  8. The death of Dido
  9. New allies for Aeneas
  10. The boxers
  11. Dido’s release
  12. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  13. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  14. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  15. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  16. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  17. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  18. The farmer’s happy lot
  19. The Trojan horse opens
  20. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  21. Juno throws open the gates of war
  22. Laocoon and the snakes
  23. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  24. Aristaeus’s bees
  25. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  26. Aeneas joins the fray
  27. Aeneas and Dido meet
  28. The battle for Priam’s palace
  29. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  30. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  31. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  32. What is this wooden horse?
  33. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  34. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  35. Vulcan’s forge
  36. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  37. King Mezentius meets his match
  38. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  39. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  40. Dido falls in love
  41. Signs of bad weather
  42. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  43. Juno is reconciled
  44. The death of Priam
  45. Into battle
  46. The journey to Hades begins
  47. Mercury’s journey to Carthage
  48. Aeneas prepares for a hopeless fight
  49. Turnus is lured away from battle
  50. Sea-nymphs
  51. Love is the same for all
  52. The Trojans reach Carthage
  53. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  54. The death of Priam
  55. Aeneas’s oath
  56. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  57. Rites for the allies’ dead
  58. The Harpy’s prophecy
  59. The Syrian hostess
  60. Rumour
  61. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  62. Aeneas is wounded
  63. Venus speaks
  64. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  65. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  66. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus
  67. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  68. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  69. The death of Pallas
  70. Storm at sea!
  71. The portals of sleep
  72. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  73. Turnus at bay
  74. Helen in the darkness
  75. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  76. Jupiter’s prophecy
  77. In King Latinus’s hall
  78. Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar
  79. Charon, the ferryman
  80. The farmer’s starry calendar
  81. Juno’s anger
  82. The infant Camilla
  83. Catastrophe for Rome?
  84. Turnus the wolf
  85. The Aeneid begins
  86. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
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