Aeneid Book6, lines 548 - 579

Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus

by Virgil

Continuing his underworld journey after his sad meeting with the shade of Dido, Aeneas comes to the home of the shades of warriors. Many Trojan heroes alongside whom he fought at Troy throng around him in welcome; the ghosts of their Greek adversaries run away in fear. Among the Trojans he meets Deiphobus, who became Helen of Troy’s new husband after the death of Paris: he is horribly disfigured. Deiphobus tells of the treachery of Helen, who on the night that Troy fell hid every weapon in the house, flung open the doors and called on Menelaus, whose men found him defenceless and were able to maim and slaughter him at leisure. The Sibyl, Aeneas’s guide, interrupts, pointing out that time is passing, and the two of them leave Deiphobus and come to the vast and terrible prison of Tartarus.

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Respicit Aeneas subito et sub rupe sinistra
moenia lata videt triplici circumdata muro,
quae rapidus flammis ambit torrentibus amnis,
Tartareus Phlegethon, torquetque sonantia saxa.
porta adversa ingens solidoque adamante columnae,
vis ut nulla virum, non ipsi exscindere bello
caelicolae valeant; stat ferrea turris ad auras,
Tisiphoneque sedens palla succincta cruenta
vestibulum exsomnis servat noctesque diesque.
hinc exaudiri gemitus et saeva sonare
verbera, tum stridor ferri tractaeque catenae.
constitit Aeneas strepitumque exterritus hausit.
‘quae scelerum facies? o virgo, effare; quibusve
urgentur poenis? quis tantus plangor ad auras?’
tum vates sic orsa loqui: ‘dux inclute Teucrum
nulli fas casto sceleratum insistere limen;
sed me cum lucis Hecate praefecit Avernis,
ipsa deum poenas docuit perque omnia duxit.
Gnosius haec Rhadamanthus habet durissima regna
castigatque auditque dolos subigitque fateri
quae quis apud superos furto laetatus inani
distulit in seram commissa piacula mortem.
continuo sontis ultrix accincta flagello
Tisiphone quatit insultans, torvosque sinistra
intentans anguis vocat agmina saeva sororum.
tum demum horrisono stridentes cardine sacrae
panduntur portae. cernis custodia qualis
vestibulo sedeat, facies quae limina servet?
quinquaginta atris immanis hiatibus Hydra
saevior intus habet sedem. tum Tartarus ipse
bis patet in praeceps tantum tenditque sub umbras
quantus ad aetherium caeli suspectus Olympum.”

Aeneas looks round and, under the crag on the left,
sees a wide fortress surrounded by a triple wall, which
a swift river, Tartarus’ Phlegethon, girds with
searing flames, rolling crashing boulders along.
Opposite are a huge gate and columns of solid adamant
that no mortal strength, nor even the Gods themselves
could take in battle; a tower of iron soars up to
the heights, and unsleeping Tisiphone in her gory robe
sits and guards the entry both night and day.
From within, cries are heard, and the sound of savage
blows, then scraping iron and the drag of chains. Pausing,
Aeneas, aghast, took in the din. “What kind of crimes
are these, and by what penalties are they punished?
What is this noise of blows, rising upwards? Speak,
maiden!” The seer began: “glorious leader of the Trojans,
no guiltless being may tread this threshold of wickedness;
but when Hecate gave me charge of the groves of Avernus
she told me of the Gods’ penalties and explained them all.
Cretan Rhadamanthus holds this most grim of realms,
tries and punishes fraud and forces confession of sins
among the living, atonement for which, relying on vain
concealment, sinners have postponed too long until death.
Tisiphone ceaselessly springs at the guilty with her lash
at her girdle, threatens them with the fierce snakes in her
left hand and calls on the savage band of her sisters.
Then, finally, the sacred gates open, grating on their
shrieking hinges. Do you see what kind of watch sits
in the entrance, the form that guards the threshold?
Hydra, horrible with fifty gaping black maws, fiercer
still, keeps its seat within. Then, Tartarus itself gapes
steeply down and stretches twice as far into the dark as
Olympus is lifted into the Aether of the heavens.”

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More Poems by Virgil

  1. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  2. Jupiter’s prophecy
  3. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  4. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  5. The infant Camilla
  6. Laocoon and the snakes
  7. The death of Dido.
  8. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  9. Love is the same for all
  10. Charon, the ferryman
  11. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  12. Signs of bad weather
  13. Turnus is lured away from battle
  14. Aeneas is wounded
  15. Turnus at bay
  16. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  17. New allies for Aeneas
  18. King Mezentius meets his match
  19. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  20. The natural history of bees
  21. Rumour
  22. Rites for the allies’ dead
  23. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  24. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  25. The Harpy’s prophecy
  26. The death of Priam
  27. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  28. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  29. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  30. Aeneas’s oath
  31. The Aeneid begins
  32. Storm at sea!
  33. Mercury’s journey to Carthage
  34. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  35. Turnus the wolf
  36. In King Latinus’s hall
  37. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  38. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  39. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  40. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  41. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  42. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  43. The journey to Hades begins
  44. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  45. The Syrian hostess
  46. The farmer’s starry calendar
  47. Dido’s release
  48. Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar
  49. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  50. Catastrophe for Rome?
  51. The portals of sleep
  52. The Trojans reach Carthage
  53. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  54. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  55. Aeneas joins the fray
  56. Mourning for Pallas
  57. Vulcan’s forge
  58. Aristaeus’s bees
  59. Sea-nymphs
  60. Juno is reconciled
  61. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  62. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  63. The farmer’s happy lot
  64. The death of Pallas
  65. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  66. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  67. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  68. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  69. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  70. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  71. Dido falls in love
  72. Juno throws open the gates of war
  73. Virgil begins the Georgics