Aeneid Book 4, lines 685 - 705

Dido’s release

by Virgil

Death does not come quickly to Dido – she lingers in pain after stabbing herself with Aeneas’s sword. We are spared none of the details, as her sister, Anna, climbs to her on her pyre. Finally, Juno sends Iris, Goddess of the rainbow and Mercury’s female counterpart as messenger of the Gods, to release her. References to the cutting of a tress are to the practice of cutting hairs from the brows of sacrificial animals.

See the illustrated blog post here.

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Sic fata gradus evaserat altos,
semianimemque sinu germanam amplexa fovebat
cum gemitu atque atros siccabat veste cruores.
illa gravis oculos conata attollere rursus
deficit; infixum stridit sub pectore vulnus.
ter sese attollens cubitoque adnixa levavit,
ter revoluta toro est oculisque errantibus alto
quaesivit caelo lucem ingemuitque reperta.
Tum Iuno omnipotens longum miserata dolorem
difficilisque obitus Irim demisit Olympo
quae luctantem animam nexosque resolveret artus.
nam quia nec fato merita nec morte peribat,
sed misera ante diem subitoque accensa furore,
nondum illi flavum Proserpina vertice crinem
abstulerat Stygioque caput damnaverat Orco.
ergo Iris croceis per caelum roscida pennis
mille trahens varios adverso sole colores
devolat et supra caput astitit. ‘hunc ego Diti
sacrum iussa fero teque isto corpore solvo’:
sic ait et dextra crinem secat, omnis et una
dilapsus calor atque in ventos vita recessit.

She mounted the steep slope, hugged and cradled
her dying sister, wailing, and dried
the black gore with her dress. Dido tried
to raise her heavy eyes, but fell back;
breath rattled from her deep chest wound.
Three times she raised herself on her elbow,
Three times fell back to the couch, looked with vague eyes
up for light in the heavens, groaning when she found it.
Then mighty Juno took pity on her long agony and
painful passing and sent down Iris from Olympus
to free her struggling spirit from the  limbs that clung to it.
Because her death was neither fated nor deserved,
but grim, premature and in a sudden fit of frenzy,
Proserpina had not taken the golden tress of hair from
her head and sealed her for Styx and the underworld.
Fresh with dew, Iris flew down through the sky on saffron
wings, trailing a thousand colours against the sun,
and paused above her head. “As bidden, I take this,
sacred to Pluto, and free you from this your body”
she said, and with her right hand cut the tress: at once
all warmth was vanished, her spirit gone to the winds.

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More Poems by Virgil

  1. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  2. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  3. Virgil begins the Georgics
  4. Helen in the darkness
  5. Into battle
  6. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  7. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  8. The infant Camilla
  9. Aristaeus’s bees
  10. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  11. In King Latinus’s hall
  12. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  13. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  14. The death of Priam
  15. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  16. Aeneas prepares for a hopeless fight
  17. Juno’s anger
  18. Vulcan’s forge
  19. Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar
  20. Catastrophe for Rome?
  21. Rumour
  22. Juno is reconciled
  23. New allies for Aeneas
  24. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  25. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  26. Dido’s story
  27. Aeneas joins the fray
  28. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  29. The death of Dido
  30. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  31. The farmer’s starry calendar
  32. The portals of sleep
  33. Mercury’s journey to Carthage
  34. The Harpy’s prophecy
  35. The Syrian hostess
  36. The farmer’s happy lot
  37. Mourning for Pallas
  38. What is this wooden horse?
  39. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  40. Venus speaks
  41. The death of Priam
  42. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  43. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  44. The Aeneid begins
  45. The battle for Priam’s palace
  46. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  47. Dido falls in love
  48. The boxers
  49. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  50. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  51. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  52. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  53. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  54. Turnus at bay
  55. Love is the same for all
  56. The Trojans reach Carthage
  57. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  58. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  59. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  60. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  61. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  62. Aeneas is wounded
  63. Cassandra is taken
  64. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus
  65. Turnus the wolf
  66. Storm at sea!
  67. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  68. The journey to Hades begins
  69. Aeneas’s oath
  70. The natural history of bees
  71. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  72. Juno throws open the gates of war
  73. Sea-nymphs
  74. Laocoon and the snakes
  75. King Mezentius meets his match
  76. Signs of bad weather
  77. Aeneas and Dido meet
  78. Jupiter’s prophecy
  79. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  80. Rites for the allies’ dead
  81. The Trojan horse opens
  82. Turnus is lured away from battle
  83. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  84. The death of Pallas
  85. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  86. Charon, the ferryman