Odes 2.6

Tibur or Tarentum: a poet’s dilemma?

by Horace

This sweet poem contains some puzzles. Is Horace’s home in Tibur the same as his Sabine farm, or a separate dwelling, or imaginary, as scholars variously argue? Does Septimius, the dedicatee of the poem, have a special association with Tibur, and what does he or Horace specially have to do with Tarentum? (Horace refers to the tradition that the two places were founded by Greek colonists.) If the fates prevent Horace from living at Tibur, which is not all that far beyond Rome’s suburbs, how will he make it to Tarentum, in the deep south of Italy? Commentators can only speculate. What we can more confidently appreciate is the warmth of the friendship between the two men, which is clear at the beginning and end, and Horace’s description of the beauty of the two locations.

The address to a friend prepared to go anywhere with the poet, and praise of the beauty of a particular location, are both stock poetic themes.

In a later poem (Epode 1.9) Horace recommends Septimius to the future Emperor Tiberius, and the ancient “Life” of Horace says that he was a friend of both Horace and Augustus, but, beyond that, nothing much is known about him.

Falernian, from Campania was regarded by Romans as the finest wine; Venafrum, further north, was famous for olives, and Hymettus, in Attica, famous for honey. The metre is Sapphic.

Many thanks to Tony Sillem for the fine translation of this charmingly mysterious ode.

To listen, press play:

 

 

To scroll the original and English translation of the poem at the same time - tap inside one box to select it and then scroll.

Septimi, Gadis aditure mecum et
Cantabrum indoctum iuga ferre nostra et
barbaras Syrtis, ubi Maura semper
aestuat unda,

Tibur Argeo positum colono
sit meae sedes utinam senectae,
sit modus lasso maris et viarum
militiaeque.

Unde si Parcae prohibent iniquae,
dulce pellitis ovibus Galaesi
flumen et regnata petam Laconi
rura Phalantho.

ille terrarum mihi praeter omnis
angulus ridet, ubi non Hymetto
mella decedunt viridique certat
baca Venafro,

ver ubi longum tepidasque praebet
Iuppiter brumas et amicus Aulon
fertili Baccho minimum Falernis
invidet uvis.

ille te mecum locus et beatae
postulant arces; ibi tu calentem
debita sparges lacrima favillam
vatis amici.

Septimius, you are happy to go with me to Cadiz,
to the Cantabrian tribes still free from Rome’s yoke, or
to the wild North African sand-banks, where
the Moorish wave forever heaves.

But I would wish to end my days at Tibur,
home to the Argive Settlers: that will be my retreat
when I am tired of wandering and warfare, when I have
seen my last Ocean view.

And if the adverse fates should bar that road, then I will
go in search of the river Galaesus,
kind to its skin-clad sheep, and the fields once ruled by
Spartan Phalanthus.

That quiet corner of the world still smiles for me
above all others, Hymettus has not such honey,
nor will you find the same richness of olives
in green Venafrum.

There mild midwinters and an early spring
are Jupiter’s gift, there Tarentine Aulon, dear to
fertile Bacchus, can find no cause to envy
The Falernian vineyards.

That is the place, that high, abundant land
calls to us, Septimius, and there you will one day
shed a tear on the still-warm ashes
of your poet friend.

`

More Poems by Horace

  1. Carpe diem, Sestius
  2. Horace rests from his labours
  3. Horace’s monument
  4. Wealth should be used, not hoarded
  5. Fortuna
  6. The tug-of-war for Nearchus
  7. A Prayer to the poetry-God
  8. A prayer to Venus
  9. Poscimur
  10. Awe for the Gods
  11. A change of mind
  12. Celebrating Neptune’s feast day
  13. Rome: disaster and salvation
  14. Mourning for a good man
  15. A Farewell to arms
  16. The fleeting years slip by
  17. Love a slave-girl? Oh, Xanthias!
  18. Here’s to Murena!
  19. Horace welcomes his army comrade
  20. Stormy seas
  21. Luxury versus the simple life
  22. O Fons Bandusiae
  23. The pleasures and dangers of wine
  24. Pyrrha
  25. Lovely mother, lovelier daughter
  26. Gathering rosebuds: carpe diem
  27. Pindar and Augustus
  28. Horace’s reverence to Bacchus
  29. Numida’s back
  30. Lydia’s tragedy
  31. A plea for burial
  32. Horace’s prayer to a wine-jar
  33. Iccius goes soldiering
  34. Soracte
  35. Licymnia
  36. What Roman youth should be
  37. The consolations of wine
  38. Horace’s first Ode
  39. Some advice for Dellius
  40. Jealousy
  41. Horace’s Chloe
  42. Curse you, tree!
  43. An invitation to Maecenas
  44. Postumus, the years slip by
  45. Valgius and Mystes
  46. The Golden Mean
  47. Give me comfort, not riches
  48. The country is best
  49. Pollio’s histories of civil war
  50. Diffugere nives
  51. Last love
  52. Horace, the wolf and the upright life
  53. A garland from the Muses
  54. Housman and Horace
  55. Nereus prophesies the Trojan War
  56. Horace the peacemaker
  57. Lalage is too young
  58. Glycera
  59. A prayer to Mercury
  60. The final ode
  61. Courage and decadence: the Regulus ode
  62. Don’t worry, be happy
  63. Don’t trust Barine
  64. Horace returns to lyric poetry
  65. Horace’s wine
  66. Augustus, master of the world
  67. Unrequited love
  68. Diana and Apollo: a hymn
  69. Horace’s limitations
  70. Horace’s Cleopatra ode