Odes 3.21

Horace’s prayer to a wine-jar

by Horace

This poem takes the form of a prayer, first to a wine-jar, then to the virtues of wine in general, poking gentle fun at Horace’s serious philosopher-friend Corvinus along the way. Part of the joke is to invite the wine-jar to “descend”like a god, as Romans often kept wine in attics, rather than cellars. Good humour pervades the poem, in a playful tribute to the Gods, friendship and the good things in life.

Metre: Alcaic

See the blog post with a fresco of a banquet from Herculaneum here.

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O nata mecum consule Manlio,
seu tu querellas sive geris iocos
seu rixam et insanos amores
seu facilem, pia testa, somnum,

quocumque lectum nomine Massicum
servas, moveri digna bono die,
descende, Corvino iubente
promere languidiora vina.

Non ille, quamquam Socraticis madet
sermonibus, te negleget horridus:
narratur et prisci Catonis
saepe mero caluisse virtus.

Tu lene tormentum ingenio admoves
plerumque duro; tu sapientium
curas et arcanum iocoso
consilium retegis Lyaeo.

Tu spem reducis mentibus anxiis
viresque et addis cornua pauperi,
post te neque iratos trementi
regum apices neque militum arma.

Te Liber et si laeta aderit Venus
segnesque nodum solvere Gratiae
vivaeque producent lucernae,
dum rediens fugat astra Phoebus.

O faithful wine-jar, born with me when Manlius was consul, whether you bring complaints, hilarity, brawls, frantic lovemaking or restful sleep,

though you’re fit to bring out on a special day, and whatever you may be keeping your choice vintage for,
come down to us, since Corvinus tells me to bring out mellower wines.

He is marinated in Socratic dialogue, but even he is not bristly enough to neglect you: they say that even old Cato’s virtue was often warmed up with wine.

Wine, you work your gentle torture even on the hardest natures; with the wine-God’s cheerful help, you reveal the worries and the inmost thoughts of the wise;

you bring back hope to anxious minds and give the poor man strength and horns – after you, he does not fear kings’ angry crowns or the soldiers’ weapons.

Bacchus, and, if she will graciously attend, Venus, and the Graces, slow to part the knot that binds them,
and the living lanterns shall lead you on until the Sun, returning, chases off the stars.

`

More Poems by Horace

  1. Give me comfort, not riches
  2. The pleasures and dangers of wine
  3. Horace’s monument
  4. Wealth should be used, not hoarded
  5. The victories of Drusus and Tiberius
  6. Fortuna
  7. Romulus in Heaven
  8. A day off for rain
  9. Gathering rosebuds: carpe diem
  10. An oath to Maecenas
  11. Horace the peacemaker
  12. Nereus prophesies the Trojan War
  13. The country is best
  14. The tug-of-war for Nearchus
  15. A Prayer to the poetry-God
  16. The consolations of wine
  17. Last love
  18. Locked out
  19. Love lost and found
  20. Glycera
  21. Gyges’s constancy
  22. Caesar’s safe return
  23. Tibur or Tarentum: a poet’s dilemma?
  24. Horace’s reverence to Bacchus
  25. Iccius goes soldiering
  26. Pyrrha
  27. Lovely mother, lovelier daughter
  28. Celebrating Neptune’s feast day
  29. A call for a moral renaissance
  30. What Roman youth should be
  31. Augustus returns
  32. The lust for money versus the simple life
  33. A Farewell to arms
  34. Unrequited love
  35. Soracte
  36. A change of mind
  37. A divine inspiration
  38. Some advice for Dellius
  39. Poscimur
  40. Horace welcomes his army comrade
  41. An invocation to the lyre
  42. Postumus, the years slip by
  43. A plea for burial
  44. Horace’s wine
  45. Rome: disaster and salvation
  46. Be your age, Chloris!
  47. Diffugere nives
  48. Neobule
  49. Horace, the wolf and the upright life
  50. Horace’s first Ode
  51. Romulus becomes a God
  52. Horace the swan
  53. Don’t trust Barine
  54. Licymnia
  55. Lydia’s tragedy
  56. Relief from care
  57. The Golden Mean
  58. A prayer to Mercury
  59. Late stirrings
  60. Roman values for the new age
  61. Valgius and Mystes
  62. Horace, accepted bard of Rome
  63. Horace’s limitations
  64. Jupiter’s authority, and Caesar’s
  65. Europa’s lament
  66. A garland from the Muses
  67. Here’s to Murena!
  68. Horace returns to lyric poetry
  69. Pollio’s histories of civil war
  70. Housman and Horace
  71. Lalage is too young
  72. Stormy seas
  73. New temples, new morals
  74. Carpe diem, Sestius
  75. Luxury versus the simple life
  76. Pindar and Augustus
  77. Augustus, master of the world
  78. Leave the cares of state, Maecenas
  79. The final ode
  80. An invitation to Maecenas
  81. Horace rests from his labours
  82. A dedication to Diana
  83. O Fons Bandusiae
  84. Diana and Apollo: a hymn
  85. A prayer to Venus
  86. Curse you, tree!
  87. Courage and decadence: the Regulus ode
  88. Don’t worry, be happy
  89. Mourning for a good man
  90. Awe for the Gods
  91. Horace’s Cleopatra ode
  92. A country sacrifice
  93. Horace’s Chloe
  94. The fleeting years slip by
  95. A prayer to Faunus
  96. Love a slave-girl? Oh, Xanthias!
  97. Jealousy
  98. Numida’s back

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