Georgics Book 3, lines 6 - 22 and 40 - 48

Virgil’s poetic temple to Caesar

by Virgil

At the heart of the Georgics, Virgil begins his third Book by laying his farming theme aside for a time to look forward to greater things. Conventional mythological themes from Greece, he says, have become trite, and he sets out his ambition to transcend them with something new and distinctively Roman. In a passage rich in allusions, not only to mythology and Greek locations, but also to the military achievements of Julius Caesar’s nephew Octavian, the future Emperor Augustus, he imagines a future work that he will write on this new and loftier theme. He uses the analogy of the building of a new temple: Octavian will be the resident deity, but in the ceremonial games that will celebrate the temple’s foundation, Virgil imagines he too will stand alongside the great man in a victor’s trappings, having transferred all the poetical resources of the Greek world into a new Latin creation which will extend Octavian’s fame (and Virgil’s) as far into the future as the time that has elapsed since the beginnings of mankind and heroes. In its details the conception is not yet the great historical epic which Virgil will write – Caesar himself, not yet his legendary forebear, Aeneas, is the focus – but it is clear, as Virgil summons up renewed enthusiasm to return to the rural theme that he now needs to complete, that the road to the Aeneid has begun here in this passage of the Georgics.

See the illustrated blog post here.

You can follow all of our extracts from the Georgics in order in the selection here.

To listen, press play:

To scroll the original and English translation of the poem at the same time - tap inside one box to select it and then scroll.

Cui non dictus Hylas puer et Latonia Delos
Hippodameque umeroque Pelops insignis eburno,
acer equis? temptanda via est, qua me quoque possim
tollere humo victorque virum volitare per ora.
primus ego in patriam mecum, modo vita supersit,
Aonio rediens deducam vertice Musas;
primus Idumaeas referam tibi, Mantua, palmas,
et viridi in campo templum de marmore ponam
propter aquam, tardis ingens ubi flexibus errat
Mincius et tenera praetexit harundine ripas.
in medio mihi Caesar erit templumque tenebit:
illi victor ego et Tyrio conspectus in ostro
centum quadriiugos agitabo ad flumina currus.
cuncta mihi Alpheum linquens lucosque Molorchi
cursibus et crudo decernet Graecia caestu.
ipse caput tonsae foliis ornatus olivae
dona feram.

interea Dryadum silvas saltusque sequamur
intactos, tua, Maecenas, haud mollia iussa:
te sine nil altum mens incohat. en age segnis
rumpe moras; vocat ingenti clamore Cithaeron
Taygetique canes domitrixque Epidaurus equorum,
et vox adsensu nemorum ingeminata remugit.
mox tamen ardentis accingar dicere pugnas
Caesaris et nomen fama tot ferre per annos,
Tithoni prima quot abest ab origine Caesar.

Who has not been told of the boy Hylas and Latona’s Delos, Hippodame and Pelops, fierce driver of horses, famous for his ivory shoulder? I shall attempt a way by which I too may be able to raise myself from the earth and fly, a victor, through the mouths of men. I will be the first, if life remains to me, to lead the Muses down from their Grecian peak to my own homeland; I shall be the first, Mantua, to bring home to you the palms of Idumaea, and in the green fields by the waters I will found a marble temple, where the mighty river Mincio wanders in lazy curves and fringes his banks with supple reeds. In the middle I shall have Caesar, and he shall possess the temple. I myself shall be by him in a victor’s garb, conspicuous in purple, and drive one hundred four-horse chariots to the river. Leaving Olympia and the groves of Nemea, the whole of Greece shall compete in the races and with the brutal boxing glove. And I, my head wreathed with a trimmed olive crown, shall award the prizes.

But meanwhile let us go on with the tree-nymphs’ woods and the virgin glades, following your orders, Maecenas, hard though they are: without you, my mind can attempt nothing sublime. Come, let’s break free from dull delay: Mount Cithaeron is calling us with a mighty shout, and the Spartan hounds of Taygetus, and Epidaurus the tamer of horses, and the echo rings back, redoubled by the applause of the woodland. But the time will now soon come when I shall gird myself to tell of Caesar’s battles, and carry his name forward on the wings of fame for as many years as lie between the distant origin of old Tithonus and Caesar himself.

`

More Poems by Virgil

  1. The Trojan horse opens
  2. Hector visits Aeneas in a dream
  3. The Syrian hostess
  4. Charon, the ferryman
  5. The battle for Priam’s palace
  6. Virgil predicts a forthcoming birth and a new golden age
  7. Aeneas prepares for a hopeless fight
  8. A Fury rouses Turnus to war
  9. Dido’s story
  10. Virgil begins the Georgics
  11. Laocoon and the snakes
  12. The death of Euryalus and Nisus
  13. Aristaeus’s bees
  14. Turnus is lured away from battle
  15. Dido and Aeneas: royal hunt and royal affair
  16. King Mezentius meets his match
  17. The death of Pallas
  18. Love is the same for all
  19. Juno’s anger
  20. Fire strikes Aeneas’s fleet
  21. The Fury Allecto blows the alarm
  22. The boxers
  23. Aeneas joins the fray
  24. The death of Priam
  25. Help for Father Aeneas from Father Tiber
  26. Into battle
  27. Catastrophe for Rome?
  28. Rites for the allies’ dead
  29. The infant Camilla
  30. Sea-nymphs
  31. Jupiter’s prophecy
  32. The farmer’s happy lot
  33. The natural history of bees
  34. New allies for Aeneas
  35. Aeneas saves his son and father, but at a cost
  36. Mourning for Pallas
  37. Souls awaiting punishment in Tartarus, and the crimes that brought them there.
  38. Aeneas reaches the Elysian Fields
  39. Omens for Princess Lavinia
  40. Aeneas finds Dido among the shades
  41. The death of Priam
  42. Storm at sea!
  43. The portals of sleep
  44. Aeneas rescues his Father Anchises
  45. King Latinus grants the Trojans’ request
  46. Mercury’s journey to Carthage
  47. Venus speaks
  48. How Aeneas will know the site of his city
  49. The death of Dido
  50. The Harpy’s prophecy
  51. Juno is reconciled
  52. Aeneas’s oath
  53. Virgil’s perils on the sea
  54. Aeneas learns the way to the underworld
  55. Turnus the wolf
  56. Vulcan’s forge
  57. Juno throws open the gates of war
  58. The Trojans reach Carthage
  59. What is this wooden horse?
  60. Aeneas’s vision of Augustus
  61. Aeneas sees Marcellus, Augustus’s tragic heir
  62. Aeneas comes to the Hell of Tartarus
  63. Anchises’s ghost invites Aeneas to visit the underworld
  64. Dido’s release
  65. Turnus at bay
  66. Helen in the darkness
  67. The Aeneid begins
  68. Aeneas and Dido meet
  69. Aeneas prepares to tell Dido his story
  70. Dido and Aeneas: Hell hath no fury …
  71. The Trojans prepare to set sail from Carthage
  72. Aeneas is wounded
  73. More from Virgil’s farming Utopia
  74. Aeneas arrives in Italy
  75. Rumour
  76. The farmer’s starry calendar
  77. Aeneas tours the site of Rome
  78. The Trojan Horse enters the city
  79. Aeneas’s ships are transformed
  80. Dido falls in love
  81. Palinurus the helmsman is lost
  82. The journey to Hades begins
  83. Laocoon warns against the Trojan horse
  84. Cassandra is taken
  85. Signs of bad weather
  86. In King Latinus’s hall
Privacy Overview

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.